What are the “dangerous goods” in international air transport?
Class 9 dangerous goods
“Dangerous goods” means materials or articles with dangerous characteristics that, if not properly controlled, may pose potential hazards to human health and safety, infrastructure and / or its means of transport.
The transport of dangerous goods is controlled and managed by various management systems and operates at the national and international levels. Prominent regulatory frameworks for the transport of dangerous goods include the “United Nations Recommendation on the transport of dangerous goods”, “ICAO technical rules”, “IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations” and the “International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code” of the international maritime organization. In general, these regulatory systems regulate the handling, packaging, labeling and transportation of dangerous goods.
The regulatory framework incorporates an integrated hazard classification system to provide classification of dangerous goods. The classification of dangerous goods is divided into nine categories according to the types of dangerous goods or goods. Click the course to read more details;
explosive
Gas
Flammable liquid
Flammable solid
Oxidizing substance
Toxic and infectious substances
Radioactive material
Corrosive substances
Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
The complexity of many dangerous goods systems and dangerous goods classification and regulations around the world makes compliance a particularly difficult task. However, as a logistics company specializing in dangerous goods, DGI can provide customized solutions for all customers’ dangerous goods needs. DGI is proficient in all nine categories of dangerous goods and provides a range of services, including packaging, packaging, labeling, freight forwarding and training.
Class 1 – explosives
Explosives are materials or articles that can burn or explode rapidly due to chemical reactions.
Item 1.1: substances and articles with explosion hazard
Item 1.2: substances and articles with projection hazard but not large-scale explosion hazard
Item 1.3: substances and articles with fire hazard, slight explosion hazard or slight projection hazard or both
Item 1.4: substances and articles without major hazards; There is only a small risk of ignition or start-up during transportation, and any impact is mainly limited to packaging
Item 1.5: very insensitive substances with explosion hazard
Item 1.6: extremely insensitive items, no explosion hazard
Reasons for supervision
Explosives can cause catastrophic damage by force and / or other harmful amounts of heat, light, sound, gas or smoke through chemical reactions that produce gases at temperature, pressure and speed.
Common transport explosives
Ammunition / box
Fireworks / fireworks
bell-bottoms
Blasting cap / detonator
Fuse
primer
Explosive charge (blasting, demolition, etc.)
Detonating line
Airbag inflator
Igniter
rocket
TNT / TNT composition
RDX / RDX composition
PETN / PETN composition
Class 2 – gas
Gases are defined by the regulations on dangerous goods as substances with a vapor pressure of 300 kPa or higher at 50 ° C or completely gaseous at 20 ° C at standard atmospheric pressure, as well as articles containing these substances. This category includes compressed gas, liquefied gas, dissolved gas, frozen liquefied gas, mixture of one or more gases and one or more other categories of substance vapor, and articles containing gases and aerosols.
Division 2.1 flammable gases
Item 2.2: non flammable and non-toxic gas
Item 2.3: toxic gas
Reasons for supervision
Gas can cause serious harm due to its flammability, asphyxiation ability, oxidation ability and / or toxicity or corrosivity to human body.
Common transport gases:
aerosol
Compressed air
Hydrocarbon pneumatic device
Fire Extinguisher
Air cylinder
Fertilizer ammoniation solution
Pesticide gas
refrigerant gas
lighter
Acetylene / oxyacetylene
carbon dioxide
Helium / helium compound
Hydrogen / hydrogen compound
Oxygen / oxygen compound
Nitrogen / nitrogen compounds
natural gas
associated gas
petroleum gas
butane
propane
ethane
methane
dimethyl ether
Propylene / propylene
ethylene
Class 3 – flammable liquids
Flammable liquid is defined as liquid by dangerous goods. Liquid mixture or liquid containing solid in solution or suspension releases flammable vapor (flash point) when the temperature is not higher than 60-65 ° C, transports substances whose liquid temperature is equal to or higher than its flash point or transported in liquid at high temperature, and releases flammable vapor at the maximum transportation temperature or lower than the maximum transportation temperature.
There is no subdivision in class 3 flammable liquids.
Reasons for supervision
Flammable liquids can cause serious hazards due to their volatility, flammability and the possibility of causing or spreading serious deflagration.
Common transportation of flammable liquids
Acetone / acetone oil
an adhesive
Paint / varnish / varnish
alcohols
Perfume products
Gasoline / gasoline
Diesel dye
Aviation fuel
Liquid biofuel
Coal tar / coal tar oil fraction
Petroleum crude oil
Petroleum fraction
Gas oil
Shale oil
Heating oil
kerosene
resin
Tar
turpentine
Carbamate insecticides
Organochlorine pesticides
Organophosphorus pesticide
Copper based pesticides
esters
ether
ethanol
benzene
butanol
Dichloropropylene
Ether
Isobutanols
Isopropyls
methanol
octane
Class 4 – Flammable solids; Substances responsible for natural combustion; Substances that are flammable when in contact with water
Flammable solids are substances that are easy to burn or may cause or contribute to fire through friction under the conditions encountered in transportation, and self reactive substances or solid desensitized explosives that are prone to strong exothermic reaction. It also includes substances that are easy to heat spontaneously or in contact with air under normal transportation conditions, so they are easy to catch fire and flammable gases or substances in contact with water.
Item 4.1: flammable solids
Item 4.2: substances prone to spontaneous combustion
Item 4.3: substances that will release flammable gases in contact with water
Reasons for supervision
Flammable solids can cause serious hazards due to their volatility, flammability and the possibility of causing or spreading serious deflagration.
Common transportation of flammable solids; Spontaneous combustibles; ‘ Wet hazardous’ materials
alkali metal
metal powder
Aluminum phosphide
Sodium battery
Sodium cell
Igniter
match
Calcium carbide
Camphor
carbon
Activated carbon
Celluloid
cerium
Dried coconut meat
Seed cake
Oily cotton waste
Desensitized explosive
Oily fabric
Oily fiber
Ferrocerium
Iron oxide (spent)
Iron sponge / direct reduction iron (flower)
Tetraacetaldehyde
naphthalene
Nitrocellulose
phosphorus
sulfur
Class 5 – oxidizing substances; Organic peroxide
Oxidants are defined by hazardous materials regulations as substances that may cause or contribute to combustion, usually producing oxygen through redox chemical reactions. Organic peroxides can be considered
Oxidants are defined by hazardous materials regulations as substances that may cause or contribute to combustion, usually producing oxygen through redox chemical reactions. Organic peroxides are substances that can be considered as derivatives of hydrogen peroxide, in which one or two hydrogen atoms of chemical structure have been replaced by organic groups.
Item 5.1: oxidizing substances
Item 5.1: organic peroxide
Reasons for supervision
Although the oxidant itself is not necessarily combustible, it can produce oxygen and cause or promote the combustion of other materials. Organic peroxides are thermally unstable and may emit heat while undergoing exothermic autocatalytic decomposition. In addition, organic peroxides may be easy to explode and decompose, burn rapidly, be sensitive to impact or friction, react dangerously with other substances or cause damage to eyes.
Common transport oxidants; Organic peroxide
Chemical oxygen generator
Ammonium nitrate fertilizer
Chlorate
Nitrate
nitrite
Perchlorate
permanganate
Persulfate
Aluminum nitrate
Ammonium dichromate
ammonium nitrate
Ammonium persulfate
Calcium hypochlorite
Calcium nitrate
Calcium peroxide
hydrogen peroxide
Magnesium peroxide
Lead nitrate
Lithium hypochlorite
Potassium chlorate
potassium nitrate
Potassium chlorate
Potassium perchlorate
potassium permanganate
Sodium nitrate
Sodium persulfate
Category 6 – toxic substances; Infectious substance
Toxic substances refer to substances that may cause death or serious injury or endanger human health by swallowing, inhalation or skin contact. Infectious substances are substances known or reasonably expected to contain pathogens. Dangerous goods regulations define pathogens as microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, Rickettsia, parasites and fungi, or other drugs that may cause diseases in humans or animals.
Item 6.1: toxic substances
Item 6.2: infectious substances
Reasons for supervision
Toxic and infectious substances may pose a significant risk to human and animal health after exposure.
Common toxic and harmful substances; Infectious substance
Medical / biomedical waste
Clinical waste
Biological culture / sample / specimen
Medical culture / sample / specimen
Tearing gas substance
Engine fuel antiknock mixture
dyestuff
Carbamate pesticides
alkaloid
Allyl
acid
Arsenate
Arsenite
cyanide
Mercaptan / mercaptan
Cresol
Barium compound
Arsenic / arsenic compounds
Beryllium / beryllium compound
Lead compound
Mercury compound
Nicotine / nicotine compounds
Selenium compounds
antimony
Ammonium metavanadate
Adiponitrile
chloroform
dichloromethane
Hexachlorophenol
phenol
resorcinol
Class 7 – radioactive substances
The dangerous goods regulations define a radioactive substance as any material containing radionuclides whose active concentration and total activity exceed certain predetermined values. Radionuclides are atoms with unstable nuclei and are therefore subject to radioactive decay.
There is no breakdown in category 7 radioactive materials.
Reasons for supervision
During radioactive decay, radionuclides emit ionizing radiation, which poses a potentially serious risk to human health.
Common transport of radioactive materials
Radioactive ore
Medical isotope
Yellow cake
Densitometer
Mixed fission products
Surface contaminated objects
Cesium radionuclide / isotope
Radionuclide / Iridium
Americ radionuclide / isotope
Plutonium radionuclide / isotope
Radium radionuclide / isotope
Thorium radionuclide / isotope
Uranium radionuclide / isotope
Depleted uranium / depleted uranium products
Uranium hexafluoride
enriched uranium
Class 8 – corrosion
Corrosivity is a substance that degrades or decomposes other materials upon contact by chemical action.
There is no breakdown in category 8 corrosives.
Reasons for supervision
Corrosive substances can cause serious damage in contact with living tissue, or in case of leakage, damage or destruction of surrounding materials.
Common transport corrosives
Acid / acid solution
Battery
Battery fluid
Fuel cell cartridge
dyestuff
Fire extinguisher charging
formaldehyde
scaling powder
paint
Alkyl phenol
amine
Polyamine
sulfide
Polysulfide
chloride
Chlorosilane
bromine
Cyclohexylamine
Phenol / carbonic acid
hydrofluoric acid
hydrochloric acid
sulphuric acid
nitric acid
Sludge acid
Hydrogen fluoride
iodine
Morpholine
Class 9 – other dangerous goods
Miscellaneous dangerous goods refer to dangerous or dangerous substances and articles not covered by other categories during transportation. This category includes but is not limited to substances harmful to the environment, substances transported at high temperatures, miscellaneous items and substances, genetically modified organisms and microorganisms, magnetized materials (depending on the method of transportation) and aviation controlled substances.
There is no breakdown in category 9 miscellaneous hazardous materials.
Reasons for supervision
Miscellaneous hazardous materials pose a wide range of potential hazards to human health and safety, infrastructure and / or its means of transport.
Miscellaneous dangerous goods normally transported
Dry ice / cardice / solid carbon dioxide
Expandable polymer beads / polystyrene beads
Ammonium nitrate fertilizer
Blue asbestos / crocidolite
Lithium ion battery
Lithium metal battery
Battery powered equipment
Battery powered vehicles
Fuel cell engine
internal-combustion engine
vehicle
Magnetized material
Dangerous goods in equipment
Dangerous goods in the machine
Genetically modified organisms
Transgenic microorganism
Chemical Kit
First aid kit
Life saving equipment
Airbag module
Seat belt pretensioner
Plastic molding compound
Castor plant products
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Polychlorinated terphenyl
Dibromo
Benzaldehyde